________________________________

From Cow Poop to Clear Water

In India, many communities need to clean their dirty water. It's not easy.
Many cleaning systems use chemicals and energy. They need workers.
印度有很多人需要淨化髒水，這個工作可不容易。汙水處理系統需要化學物質跟電力，也需要人手。

A man wanted to make a new system. But he didn't want his system to use
chemicals, energy, or workers.
有一名男子想要研發新的系統，但是他不希望用到化學物質、能源跟人力。

The man had an idea. A cow's stomach has four parts. Each part has a special
job. His system has four parts. Each part has a special job.
他想到讓系統跟牛的胃一樣，有四個部分而且每一個部分都有特殊功能。

Cow poop is in part one. Yes, smelly cow poop! This is smart. Brown water
goes in. The poop's bacteria clean the water. Next, in part two, other
bacteria clean it.
第一個部分要用到牛的糞便，因為裡面的細菌可以淨化水質。第二部分有其他的細菌來處理。

Then in part three, sand and small stones clean it. Last, in part four,
plants clean the water! And clear water comes out!
第三部分需要沙子跟石頭，最後一個部分用植物來淨化水質，於是清水就出來了!

The man's cleaning system works! People can use this water for plants and
toilets. More than three hundred communities use this system now. It has
cleaned two billion liters of water. That's a lot of water!
他成功了!淨化出來的水可以澆花或當作馬桶水。目前有超過300個社群團體用這個系統，一共清了20億公升的水。

The man's system is easy, and it's good for the Earth. Now many communities
can clean their dirty water!

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Vocabulary
這個淨化水質的系統，大大節省人力和電力。

1. bacteria 細菌
My God! I'm so tired! 天哪，我累死了!
Oh, there's cool spring water here,這裡有很涼的泉水。
Hey, you can't drink that! 你不可以喝泉水!
There are lots of bacteria in the water.水裡有很多細菌。

2. clear 清澈的
Really? But it looks so clear.真的嗎?可是它看起來很清澈。
No, you have to boil it first. 不，你一定要先煮沸。

3. idea 主意
But I can't do that now! 但是我現在沒辦法煮啊!
I know. I have an idea. 我知道，我有個主意。

4. need 需要
I'll tell those climbers we need water. 我去告訴那些登山客我們需要水。
What if they ignore you? 要是他們不理你呢?
They won't. I'll beg. 不會的。我會哀求。

來跟我一起讀單字。
bacteria細菌
clear清澈的
idea主意
need需要

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Quiz
1. What needs to be cleaned?
a. Air
b. Water
c. Bacteria

2. What animal stomach gave the man the idea for his cleaning system?
a. Cow
b. Horse
c. Sheep

3. What does the man's cleaning system use?
a. Energy
b. Chemicals
c. Plants

Answers:
1. b
2. a
3. c

 

________________________________

Take a Train, Help the Earth

Trains are so relaxing! Do you like to sleep on trains?
坐火車真舒服，那你會喜歡睡在火車上嗎?

In Europe, more and more people are sleeping on trains. It's fun and
exciting! And it's good for the Earth.
在歐洲越來越多人睡在火車上，很好玩、很有趣，又很環保。

Sleeping on trains?? Well, this isn't about falling asleep on an MRT train!

People are sleeping on sleeper trains in Europe. These night trains have
small rooms. The rooms have beds. Some have bathrooms! Sleeper trains are
hotels on wheels! Some have dining cars too.
歐洲很多人都會睡臥舖列車，這種夜間火車有很多小房間，房間裡有床鋪，有的還有廁所。臥鋪列車就像有輪子的飯店，有的甚至還有餐車。

Sleeper trains in Europe cost more than planes. So why do people ride these
trains? It's because they don't want to fly. Planes are bad for the
environment. They use lots of fossil fuels. This makes the Earth warmer!
在歐洲搭臥鋪列車比搭飛機還貴，那為什麼還是有人要搭呢?因為飛機要用到很多燃油，會讓地球暖化。

Trains are much better for the environment. They're also good for
sightseeing. We can see nature. We can see towns and cities too.
搭火車比較環保，也適合看風景，我們會看到大自然、城鎮跟城市。

Now, we have to go to another country to ride on a sleeper train. But in
2027, maybe Taiwan will have its own Formosa Sleep Express!
現在我們想要搭臥鋪列車，就只能到別的國家。但是到2027年也許台灣會有福爾摩沙寢台列車。

Would you like to try sleeping on a sleeper train?

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Vocabulary
在火車上過夜，是另外一種旅行的方式。

1. relaxing 讓人放鬆
I love traveling by train! 我真喜歡火車旅行!
Yeah, look at those green fields. 對啊，看那些綠色田野!
It's so relaxing! 讓人好放鬆。

2. ride 搭乘
I wish I could ride a train to many other places.
我希望能搭火車去很多別的地方。

3. Europe 歐洲
You can easily do so in Europe.去歐洲就可以很容易做到。
It has extensive rail networks. 它的鐵道網路很完整。
You can travel from Rome to Berlin, or from Paris to Vienna by
train.你可以坐火車從羅馬到柏林，從巴黎到維也納。

4. lots of 很多
Have you been there lots of times? 你去過那裏很多次?
Oh, yes, more than I can count. 多到我都數不清了。

大家多坐火車吧!
relaxing讓人放鬆的
ride搭乘
Europe歐洲
lots of很多

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Quiz
1. Where are more people sleeping on trains?
a. Europe
b. Taiwan
c. Formosa

2. Why are these people taking sleeper trains instead of planes?
a. Trains cost more.
b. Trains are better for the environment.
c. Trains have dining cars.

3. What do planes use?
a. Small rooms
b. Hotels on wheels
c. Fossil fuels

Answers:
1. a
2. b
3. c

 

________________________________

Ring the Fish Doorbell

Have you seen fish swimming in a river? A city in the Netherlands has a river
where fish swim. From May to the end of June, they swim to find places to lay
eggs. But there's a gate in the river.
你看過在河裡游泳的魚嗎?荷蘭有一條河從五月到六月底都會有魚通過，準備找地方產卵，但是這條河有個閘門。

The gate opens for boats. Fish can go through at the same time. But when
there are no boats, they have to wait... and wait… and wait. Sometimes
hungry birds find them.
有船要通過的時候，閘門就會打開，魚這時可以跟著通過。但是如果沒有船，牠們就要一直等，中途可能就會被鳥吃掉。

So a scientist made a fish doorbell! But fish don't ring the doorbell. People
do!
於是科學家做了魚群專用的門鈴，魚當然不會按門鈴，人才會!

An underwater camera lets people see the gate. When people see fish there,
they ring the doorbell. A worker opens the gate.
河裡還有水下攝影機讓大家看到閘門。只要有人看到魚在等，就可以按門鈴讓管理員開門。

Where's the doorbell? It's on the Internet! It's very popular. It lets people
help fish. It teaches people about underwater life. They see many kinds of
fish.
在哪按門鈴呢?
門鈴就在網路上，大家可以幫助魚又可以認識水生動物，還可以看到各種魚類。

Early morning and early evening are the best times to see fish. There aren't
many hungry birds then…
每天清晨跟黃昏是看魚的最佳時機，這個時候也不會有太多飢餓的鳥類。

The fish doorbell is a fun way to help fish. Some people in Taiwan have
helped! Do you want to help too?

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Vocabulary
只要有人看到魚兒在水中游，就會打開門讓牠通過。

1. lay eggs 產卵
Hey, there are fish in the river! 嘿，這條河裡有魚!
Yeah, they are salmon. 對啊，是鮭魚。
They swim upstream to lay eggs. 他們游到上游去產卵。

2. underwater 在水下
They swim all the way here to do that? 大老遠游過來生蛋?
Yup! It's a big underwater trip.沒錯，是很長的水下旅行。
They are fish, after all. 他們畢竟是魚。

3. hungry 飢餓的
So what happens to the eggs? 所以那些卵會怎麼樣?
They hatch and grow. 牠們會孵出來，然後長大。
What do they eat when they're hungry? 肚子餓的時候吃什麼呢?

4. life 生命
You can ask Google. 你可以問谷歌。
I'm sure it has the whole life cycle of salmon.一定有鮭魚的完整生命週期說明。

來一起讀單字。
lay eggs產卵
underwater在水下
hungry飢餓的
life生命

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Quiz
1. What do fish do in the river from May to June?
a. Exercise
b. Find birds
c. Lay eggs

2. What do people do when they see fish at the gate?
a. Feed them
b. Ring a doorbell
c. Say hello

3. What's the best time to see fish on the underwater camera?
a. Early morning
b. Late morning
c. Afternoon

Answers:
1. c
2. b
3. a
 

________________________________

Black Soldier Flies Fight Climate Change

Many people eat pork and chicken. Pork comes from pigs. Chicken comes from...
well, chickens! Pigs and chickens eat lots of corn, soy, and fish.
很多人會吃豬肉跟雞肉，而豬跟雞吃很多玉米、大豆跟魚。

We need lots of big corn farms, soy farms, and fish farms to feed them. But
these farms are bad for our land, air, and water. They make climate change
worse.
所以要餵豬跟雞，我們需要很多玉米田、大豆田跟魚類養殖場，但是這些農場對土地、空氣跟水都不好，讓氣候變遷惡化。

But a company in the UK is fighting climate change with soldiers … black
soldier flies! The company helps farmers and others make fly farms. Fly farms
are better for the environment than corn, soy, and fish farms. But, who eats
flies? Yuck!
有一間英國公司想要用黑水虻 (m?ng
ㄇㄥˊ)來對抗氣候變遷。他們幫農夫打造養殖場，因為它比種玉米、大豆以及養魚還要環保，但是誰要吃呢?

Pigs and chickens eat fly larvae. Larvae are good food for these animals.
Scientists found that pigs grow better! Their pork is also better! Mmmmm!
豬跟雞會吃黑水虻的幼蟲，這些幼蟲對牠們是好的食物，科學家發現吃幼蟲的豬，長得比較好、肉質也比較好。

In fly farms, larvae eat lots of food waste. That's the food we don't eat.
When it's thrown away, it makes gases. These gases make climate change worse.
Larvae stop food waste from making bad gases.
黑水虻的幼蟲吃很多廚餘，這樣可以減少廚餘釋放的氣體，阻止氣候變遷惡化。

Black soldier fly farms can do so much to fight climate change!
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Vocabulary
科學家想出各種辦法來延緩氣候變遷。

1. pork 豬肉 。
What are you having? 你要吃什麼?
I think I'll go for the grilled pork chop with potatoes.
我想要選烤豬排加馬鈴薯。
Oh, that sounds great! 聽起來真不錯!
2. chicken 雞肉。
And I would like to have crispy chicken with tomato salad.
我想要脆皮雞加番茄沙拉。
Yours sounds even better. 你的聽起來更棒。
3. food 食物。
Good, then we can share some of our food.那好，我們可以分享食物。 You're not
on a diet, are you?你不會在節食吧?
4. eat 吃。
No, I just don't want to eat too much.沒有，我只是不想吃太多。
With me around, you really don't need to worry about
that。有我在，你真的不用擔心。
今天的單字經常用到。pork豬肉 chicken雞肉 food食物 eat吃

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Quiz

1. What do pigs eat a lot of?
a. Corn
b. Pork
c. Chicken

2. What makes climate change worse?
a. Black soldier fly larvae
b. Big corn, soy, and fish farms
c. The company in the UK

3. What is food waste?
a. Food cooked for us
b. Bad gases
c. Food we don't eat

Answers:
1. a
2. b
3. c

 

________________________________

How Wind Spins into a Tornado

Do you know what tornadoes are? They are towers of wind. They spin around and
around very fast. They're very strong and very, very scary!
你知道什麼是龍捲風嗎? 它是一個旋轉的空氣柱，破壞力很強，又非常嚇人!

A big tornado hit an American town. The tornado destroyed buildings and cars.
People had no electricity. They needed help!
龍捲風襲擊美國一個小鎮，摧毀建築物跟車子。當地還停電，民眾需要幫助。

How do tornadoes happen?
龍捲風怎麼形成的呢?

During some storms, warm air goes up to the clouds. At the same time, cold
air falls from the cloud. The warm and cold air mix and spin faster. If the
spinning air goes down to land, it becomes a tornado!
天氣不穩定的時候，暖空氣上升，冷空氣同時下降，冷暖空氣對流讓轉速越來越快，碰到地面就變成龍捲風。

Tornadoes show us that nature has a lot of power. Small, slow tornadoes can
pull off roof tiles. Big, fast tornadoes destroy buildings and pick up cars!
People try to stay safe in basements or places with no windows.
龍捲風向我們展現大自然的力量。小而慢的龍捲風會把屋頂的瓦片捲走。快而大的龍捲風會把房子跟車子吹走。民眾只能躲在地下室或是沒有窗戶的地方。

The tornado in the American town destroyed homes, shops, and restaurants.
龍捲風破壞小鎮的房屋、商店跟餐廳。

People are working together to fix their town.
居民合力一起恢復他們的小鎮。

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Vocabulary
龍捲風力量驚人，要是碰觸到地面，經常造成損害。
1. hit 打擊。
A tornado hit my sister's town! 龍捲風擊中了我妹妹的小鎮。
Oh no, is she okay? 糟糕，她還好嗎?
Yeah, she's fine, but her car is destroyed. 她很好，但是她的車子毀了。
2. land 地面。
That's terrible! 真可怕!
Yeah, and she said 3 tornadoes touched land in 3 different
areas.對，她說三個龍捲風落在三個不同的地區。
3. electricity 電力。
The electricity was out for a while. 有一陣子還停電。
At least they still have the house. 至少他們還有房子。
4. spin 旋轉。
That's true. 那是真的。
I wonder what it's like 我真想知道… to be spun around by the
wind.被風吹得團團轉是怎樣。
來一起讀今天的單字。hit打擊 land地面 electricity電力 spin旋轉

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Quiz
1. What is a tornado?
A: A type of cloud
B: A tower of spinning wind
C: A big rainstorm

2. How do tornadoes form?
A: When it rains a lot
B: When the sun shines very bright
C: When hot and cold air mix and spin really fast

3. What does the story say about small tornadoes?
A: They can pull off roof tiles
B: They can lift cars
C: They can destroy buildings
Answers
1. B
2. C
3. A